Search results for "male infertility"
showing 10 items of 54 documents
Uterine microbiome—low biomass and high expectations†
2018
AbstractThe existence of different bacterial communities throughout the female reproductive tract has challenged the traditional view of human fetal development as a sterile event. There is still no consensus on what physiological microbiota exists in the upper reproductive tract of the vast majority of women who are not in periods of infection or pregnancy, and the role of bacteria that colonize the upper reproductive tract in uterine diseases or pregnancy outcomes is not well established. Despite published studies and advances in uterine microbiome sequencing, some study aspects—such as study design, sampling method, DNA extraction, sequencing methods, downstream analysis, and assignment …
Sperm chromosomal abnormalities and their contribution to human embryo aneuploidy.
2018
In this work we reviewed 18 years of experience using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for sperm aneuploidy testing. We evaluated parameters associated with increased numerical sperm chromosome abnormalities and determined the male contribution to embryo aneploidies in terms of reproductive outcome by increased sperm aneuploidy. This retrospective study analyzed data from 2008 sperm samples of infertile males undergoing FISH analysis because of clinical history of repetitive implantation failure, recurrent miscarriage, impaired sperm parameters, or mixed causes. Sperm concentration was the only sperm parameter associated with FISH results—we observed a gradual increase of abnormal …
The Association of Appendectomy, Adhesions, Tubal Pathology, and Female Infertility.
2019
Background and Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate a potential association between previous childhood appendectomy, tube pathology, and female infertility. Methods: We reviewed patients seeking care at the fertility clinic of our university medical center between 2006 and 2016. The history of previous appendectomy was extracted from hospital documentation and by telephone follow-up. Tubal patency was assessed by diagnostic laparoscopy and chromopertubation. Results: In our study cohort (N = 237), 24.9% (n = 59) had a history of previous appendectomy. Previous appendectomy, therefore, was about 3-fold more prevalent in women seeking fertility treatment than in the general pop…
HPV infection in semen: results from a new molecular approach
2019
AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the agent of the most common sexually transmitted diseases causing a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from warts to cancer. Oncogenic HPV infection is the major cause of cervical cancer and less frequently of penile cancers. Its presence in semen is widely known, but the effects on fertility are still controversial. We developed a new approach to evaluate virus localisation in the different semen components. We analysed also the specific genotype localisation and viral DNA quantity by qPCR. Results show that HPV DNA can be identified in every fraction of semen: spermatozoa, somatic cells and seminal plasma. Different samples can contain the HP…
FISH screening of aneuploidies in preimplantation embryos to improve IVF outcome
2005
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) has transformed the approach to the infertility patient in the IVF setting. Although the principal applications of PGD have been to prevent the transmission of sex-linked diseases, in time and with growing knowledge of the chromosomal abnormalities observed in preimplantation embryos, its applications have widened. Nowadays, apart from its implications in the prevention of transmission of chromosomal and genetic abnormalities, PGD is being used with increased frequency to improve the IVF outcome in patients with advanced maternal age (or =38 years of age), recurrent miscarriage (or =2 miscarriages), recurrent IVF failure (or =3 failed IVF attempts) an…
Differential transcriptomic profile in spermatozoa achieving pregnancy or not via ICSI
2010
Basic sperm analysis is limited as a method of estimating pregnancy. This study’s objective was use of microarray technology to differentiate the gene expressions of spermatozoa that achieved pregnancy in an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)cycle in an oocyte donation programme with those that did not achieve pregnancy. A study of nested cases and controls was designed to evaluate fresh and frozen spermatozoa from infertile males undergoing ICSI with donor oocytes. The global genome expression of pooled samples from each group (achieving pregnancy versus those that didn’t, from fresh or frozen spermatozoa)was compared using microarray analysis. The level of expression of some of the t…
Hysteroscopic resection of the septum improves the pregnancy rate of women with unexplained infertility: a prospectine controlled trial
2009
Objective: To assess fecundity of infertile women after surgical correction of uterine septum. Design: Prospective controlled trial. Setting: Three academic infertility clinics. Patient(s): Forty-four women affected by septate uterus and otherwise unexplained infertility represented the study group (group A), and 132 women with unexplained infertility were enrolled as control subjects (group B). Intervention(s): Hysteroscopic metroplasty was performed in group A, and group B was managed expectantly. All women were followed-up for 1 year without any other intervention. Main Outcome Measure(s): Fecundity rate was calculated as the number of pregnancies per 100 person-months Result(s): Pregnan…
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection with cryopreserved testicular spermatozoa
2001
To assess if testicular sperm cryopreservation is a valid alternative to repetition of testicular sperm retrieval techniques, results of a cryopreservation technique in pills have been retrospectively analyzed. Enough motile spermatozoa for ICSI were obtained in 172 from 190 (90.5%) frozen-thawed testicular sperm samples. Overall, 249 couples underwent 390 ICSI cycles, 156 using fresh and 234 using cryopreserved testicular sperm. Mean two-pronuclear fertilization rates per cycle were not significantly different after ICSI with fresh (62.0%) or with cryopreserved (63.2%) spermatozoa. Mean embryo cleavage rate per cycle was higher in the fresh (90.6%) than in the cryopreserved (84.6%) group (…
Detection of oncogenic human papillomavirus genotypes on spermatozoa from male partners of infertile couples
2013
Objective To evaluate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) sperm infection and its correlation with sperm parameters in patients who attended a fertility clinic. Design Cross-sectional clinical study. Setting University-affiliated reproductive medicine clinic. Patient(s) A total of 308 male partners of couples undergoing in vitro fertilization techniques. Intervention(s) Specimens of semen were collected from all patients. Main Outcome Measure(s) Sperm parameters were evaluated according to the World Health Organization manual. The presence of HPV DNA was researched by the combined use of two HPV assays and a highly sensitive nested polymerase chain reaction assay followed by HPV ge…
Morphometric assessment of testicular changes in drug-related fatalities.
2000
Testicular sections of 50 deceased drug addicts were examined by light microscopy using morphometric methods and determining the extent of spermatogenesis by application of the Johnsen score count. Twenty cases of violent death served as reference sample. The study was aimed at obtaining data about the degree of germinal gland damage following the duration of the individual drug career, which was correlated to the histologic findings. Progressively reduced maturation of germinal cells, decrease of tubular diameter and height of sperm-producing epithelium were found the longer the individual case history has been. The results clearly indicated a substantial impairment of male fertility in th…